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C052901

DTC C052901 indicates a communication interruption or loss of data validity between the IPB (Intelligent Integrated Braking System) control unit and the Steering Angle Sensor (SAS) — Qin Plus

Braking System

DTC C052901 indicates a communication interruption or loss of data validity between the IPB (Intelligent Integrated Braking System) control unit and the Steering Angle Sensor (SAS).

The steering angle sensor mounts on the steering column and transmits steering wheel angle, rotational speed, and direction information in real time to the IPB, VCU, ADAS, and other modules via the CAN bus.

It provides the core input signal for the Electronic Stability Control (ESC), automatic parking, lane keeping, and Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) systems.

The IPB triggers this fault when it fails to receive a valid steering angle data frame within 500 ms, or detects a sensor response timeout or checksum error.

The vehicle then enters a degraded mode: ESC function is limited or disabled, skid control fails, and automatic parking is unavailable.

Extreme cases may alter brake assist characteristics, but the system retains basic hydraulic braking.

5
Cases Logged
5
Causes
Likely Causes — Qin Plus
  • 1Steering angle sensor internal fault: Damaged Hall effect element, internal MCU crash, or EEPROM data loss, preventing valid signal output.
  • 2Steering column wiring harness connection fault: The steering angle sensor connector below the steering wheel (usually integrated into the combination switch assembly) is loose, has backed-out terminals, or is oxidized from water ingress; or frequent steering column rotation has worn or broken the wiring harness.
  • 3Power supply and ground fault: 12V battery voltage below 10V, blown sensor power supply fuse, or poor ground circuit contact causing sensor initialization failure.
  • 4IPB system software defect: Early software versions have low fault tolerance for the steering angle sensor signal, falsely detecting a lost module during rapid steering inputs or voltage fluctuations.
  • 5Modification or external interference: Replacing the steering wheel with a non-OEM part, installing an OBD window closer or steering wheel trim causing physical interference, or external devices occupying the CAN bus and causing communication congestion.
What To Do
  • 1
    Diagnostic scan: Use VDS2000/VDS3000 to access the IPB system. Read the complete fault codes and freeze frame data. Check for associated faults such as C052B (steering angle sensor signal error) and U0416 (IPB communication fault). View the live data stream to confirm if the steering angle value displays as 'invalid' or remains fixed when turning the steering wheel.
  • 2
    Basic check: Disconnect the 12V battery negative terminal for 5 minutes, then power on and observe if the fault code changes to a history code. Check the combination switch connector (grey or black 18-pin connector) at the steering column below the steering wheel for looseness, backed-out pins, water ingress, or corrosion. Clean and apply conductive grease if necessary.
  • 3
    Circuit measurement: Keep the ignition switch in the ON position and measure the voltage at the steering angle sensor connector — power supply (Pin1/2) should be 12V±0.5V, ground (Pin3/4) should be less than 0.1Ω, CAN-H (Pin5) should be approximately 2.6-2.8V, and CAN-L (Pin6) should be approximately 2.2-2.4V. Disconnect the battery, then measure the CAN termination resistance; it should be approximately 60Ω.
  • 4
    Sensor calibration: On the diagnostic tool, select 'Special Functions' → 'Steering Angle Sensor Calibration'. Follow the prompts to center the steering wheel (within ±5°) and perform zero-position learning. Turn fully left and hold for 2 seconds, turn fully right and hold for 2 seconds, then return to center. After successful calibration, read the data stream to confirm the angle value is 0° ±3°.
  • 5
    Software update: Check the IPB control unit software version against BYD technical bulletin (e.g., TPI-2022-BYD-035). If the version is below V2.1.8, update to the latest version to optimize the steering angle sensor signal processing logic.
  • 6
    Component replacement: If the above steps fail, replace the steering column combination switch assembly (part number SA-3774100 or corresponding model-specific part number). After replacement, recalibrate the steering angle and initialize the ESC system. Finally, perform a road test at speeds above 20 km/h to verify ESC function.
Real-World Cases
BYD DTC AI Analysis

Song PLUS DMi steering wheel modification caused connector to come loose

✓
A 2021 Song PLUS DMi developed DTC C052901 and the ESC warning light came on after the owner fitted a carbon fibre steering wheel. Inspection revealed the owner had never disconnected the steering column connectors during the modification; forced pulling backed out pin 3 (CAN-H) of the 8-pin steering angle sensor connector. The technician re-crimped the terminal, applied conductive grease, performed steering angle calibration and cleared the fault. When modifying the steering wheel, disconnect all steering column connectors and avoid rough handling.
BYD DTC AI Analysis

Outdated IPB software triggered false alarms.

✓
After jump-starting due to a flat battery, DTC C052901 appeared frequently, especially during cold starts. Testing showed normal power and communication at the steering angle sensor, but the data stream revealed a 10-15ms signal interruption during startup. A technical bulletin check confirmed this VIN is part of a software defect batch (IPB V2.1.2). Upgrading to V2.2.5 enhanced fault tolerance for steering angle sensor communication jitter at startup, and the fault has not recurred.
BYD DTC AI Analysis

Water ingress caused internal corrosion of combination switch

✓
After water ingress above wheel center, the vehicle set C052901 and the ABS light came on. Disassembling the steering column revealed the steering angle sensor seal had degraded. Water entered through the steering shaft, corroding and shorting the PCB. Replaced the combination switch assembly, dried the wiring harness connectors, and repaired the body sealing to resolve the fault. Advise checking the steering column base drainage immediately on any vehicle that has been through water.
BYD DTC AI Analysis

Prolonged dry steering caused wiring harness chafing

✓
The ride-share vehicle had travelled 120,000 km. Frequent dry steering fractured the steering column wiring harness retaining clip. Steering movements pulled the harness, causing the internal copper conductors of the CAN-L line to break while the insulation remained intact. Resistance measurements showed intermittent infinite resistance in the CAN line. Replaced the wiring harness, re-secured the routing, and added protective sleeving to complete the repair.
BYD DTC AI Analysis

Steering angle sensor zero position offset not calibrated

✓
Replaced the front subframe and steering gear after accident repairs without calibrating the steering angle sensor. While driving, fault codes C052901 and C052B triggered randomly. Live data showed -15° steering angle with the steering wheel straight. Performed 'Steering Angle Sensor Calibration' and 'ESC System Longitudinal Acceleration Sensor Calibration'. Live data then read 0°, codes cleared, and road test passed.
Other Qin Plus Fault Codes
B1108For the BYD Song MAX (2017–2019), DTC B1108 indicates a short circuit in the PM2.5 air quality detection module (dust sensor) or its wiring harness. The sensor uses laser scattering to detect in-cabin and outside PM2.5 concentrations and transmits data to the HVAC ECU via the LIN bus or an analog signal. Short circuit conditions include: 1) Sensor power supply wire (+5V/+12V) shorted to ground 2) Signal wire shorted to power or ground 3) Short circuit in the sensor's internal photoelectric detection circuit This fault prevents the automatic climate control from switching between fresh air and recirculation based on air quality. The system enters fail-safe mode (typically forced recirculation). Severe short-circuit current can destroy the HVAC ECU sampling circuit. The system classifies this as a Level 3 severe fault and restricts vehicle operation to prevent electrical fires or controller damage. For other BYD models (such as the Qin EV, E5, and Song DM), B1108 indicates a driver-side sunload sensor fault, reflecting differences in DTC definitions across models.B110913DTC B110913 indicates an open signal circuit for the PM2.5 rapid detector (in-cabin air quality sensor). This sensor typically mounts inside the air conditioning system intake duct. It monitors in-cabin PM2.5 concentration in real time and provides data to the automatic air conditioning system for intelligent control of the air purification function. The BYD diagnostic protocol uses sub-code '13' to specifically indicate an open signal circuit. Although this fault theoretically affects a comfort feature, BYD Qin series vehicles classify it as a Level 3 (severe) fault. This classification occurs because the air conditioning system interacts with the battery thermal management system (e.g., monitoring battery cooling intake air quality). The fault can disable the automatic air conditioning mode and prevent the air purification function from operating. In extreme cases, it affects the battery compartment intake air quality assessment, triggering the 'repair immediately' strategy.B110BDTC B110B indicates a fault in the internal air pump (sampling pump) of the PM2.5 air quality detector. This pump draws cabin or outside air into the PM2.5 sensor detection chamber, enabling the laser scattering sensor to measure real-time particulate matter concentration. The air conditioning controller (or BCM) sets this DTC upon detecting an open or short circuit in the pump drive circuit, or abnormal current caused by a seized pump motor. This fault disables the "Green Clean" system, causes the instrument cluster air quality display to read abnormally or disappear, and disables the automatic fresh air/recirculation switching function. It does not affect the vehicle powertrain or core thermal management functions.B173A1ADTC B173A1A indicates the right middle-row side airbag (typically located on the side of the right second-row seat or inside the C-pillar trim panel) igniter circuit resistance measures 0 Ω. In the Supplemental Restraint System (SRS), normal airbag igniter resistance ranges between 2.0 and 5.0 Ω. A resistance of 0 Ω indicates a short to ground or a short between circuit wires, preventing the Airbag Control Unit (ACU) from establishing a normal monitoring circuit. This safety-critical fault prevents the airbag from deploying during a collision, continuously illuminates the instrument panel SRS warning lamp, and may force the entire airbag system into fail-safe mode.B173BDTC B173B indicates an abnormal electric A/C compressor speed feedback signal or a communication fault between the compressor controller and the motor. In BYD new energy models (e.g., Tang, Song, Qin, and Yuan series), this DTC belongs to the HVAC subsystem within the Body Control system and specifically involves the electric compressor closed-loop control circuit. The ECU sets this DTC when the compressor controller (IPM) fails to receive a valid pulse signal from the Hall speed sensor for more than 3 continuous seconds, or when the deviation between the detected actual speed and the target commanded speed exceeds the calibrated threshold (typically >500 rpm). This fault forces the A/C system into fail-safe mode and stops compressor operation. Symptoms include a complete lack of cooling, intermittent cooling, or a sharp decrease in cooling performance. The instrument cluster A/C warning lamp may also illuminate. Prolonged operation with this fault can degrade high-voltage system insulation or cause controller overcurrent damage.
Common problems reported for Qin Plus →Qin Plus overview →
Data confidence: Official This information is for reference only. Always consult a qualified technician for diagnosis and repair. Do not attempt high-voltage system repairs yourself.